Turkish-Dutch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| Notable Turkish Dutch people: Nebahat Albayrak |
| Total population |
|---|
| 400,000[1][2][3] |
| Regions with significant populations |
| Amsterdam · Rotterdam · The Hague · Utrecht |
| Languages |
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Dutch, Turkish, depending on location also Dutch dialects |
| Religion |
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The Turkish-Dutch (Dutch: Turkse Nederlander Turkish: Hollanda Türkleri) are citizens of the Netherlands of Turkish ancestry.
Contents |
[edit] History
The first Dutch Turks were recorded by the Dutch Census in 1960, some 100 individuals. This number steadily increased to 4,300 in 1964. Most of the Turkish emigrants were so-called guest workers (gastarbeiders). In 1964, due to a severe labor shortage, the Dutch government formally invited Turkish men and women to come and work in the Netherlands. This lasted until 1974, when the government stopped giving emigration permits to guest workers. However, emigration from Turkey didn't stop due to the possibility of family reunification and marriage.
Emigration changed during the 1980s, when a large number of refugees entered the country, fleeing political and ethnic persecution.
Most of the guest workers ended up in those places where there was a labor shortage, mostly in low educated jobs. This led to big Turkish communities in the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Utrecht, and several smaller towns in Twente and the province of Noord-Brabant. Rotterdam has the largest community with just over 45,000 Turks, representing about 7.5 % of the city population.
[edit] Demographics
The majority of Turks live in the four major cities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. The first Turks arrived in the 1960s and 1970s as workers to fill up the labor shortage which was present during that time in the Netherlands as well as in other Western European countries.
[edit] Demographic history
According to Statistics Netherlands, as of 2009, the total population of the Netherlands is 16,486,587. [4] The Turkish population is 378,400, thus 2.29% of the total population.
| Year | Males | Females | Total | % of Dutch population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 186,153 | 172,693 | 358,846 | 2.20% |
| 2006 | 188,594 | 175,739 | 364,333 | 2.23% |
| 2007 | 190,421 | 178,179 | 368,600 | 2.25% |
| 2008 | 192,448 | 180,266 | 372,714 | 2.27% |
| 2009 | 195,560 | 182,840 | 378,400 | 2.29% |
| (Source: Statistics Netherlands (CBS StatLine) [5] | ||||
[edit] Demographic characteristics
| Year | First generation | Second generation | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 177,754 | 131,136 | 308,890 | |
| 2007 | 195,113 | 173,487 | 368,600 | |
| 2008 | 194,556 | 178,158 | 372,714 | |
| 2009 | 195,520 | 182,880 | 378,400 | |
| (Source: Statistics Netherlands (CBS StatLine) [6] | ||||
[edit] Religion
The majority of Dutch Turks adheres to Sunni Islam, although there is also a considerable Alevi fragment. According to the latest figures issued by Statistics Netherlands, approximately 5% of the Dutch population (850,000 persons), were followers of Islam in 2006. The Turkish community accounted for almost 40% of the Muslim population; thus are the largest ethnic group in the Netherlands adhering to Islam. [7]
[edit] Politics
Dutch Turks have a strong leaning towards the Dutch leftish parties (PvdA, SP, GreenLeft), with 84% voting for the PvdA during the 2006 municipal elections.[8]
[edit] Literature
A number of Turkish-Dutch writers have come to prominence. Halil Gür was one of the earliest, writing short stories about Turkish immigrants. Sadik Yemni is well known for his Turkish-Dutch detective stories. Sevtap Baycili is a more intellectual novelist, who is not limited to migrant themes. Furthermore, Nilgün Yerli is a writer that mostly writes about her past as an immigrant to the Netherlands and the cultural differences between the Netherlands and Turkey.
[edit] Notable Turks in Netherlands
- Azra Akın
- Adnan Alisic
- Nebahat Albayrak
- Sevtap Baycılı
- Osman Biçen
- Emine Bozkurt
- Esra Dalfidan
- Orhan Delibaş
- Aykut Demir
- Serkan Demirel
- Atiye Deniz
- Kemal Derviş
- Kürşat Duymuş
- Ferdi Elmas
- Yasin Erdal
- Halil Gür
- Hatice Guleryuz
- Ekrem Kahya
- Ahmet Kilic
- Serhat Koç
- Baki Mercimek
- Hursut Meric
- Muslu Nalbantoğlu
- Murat Onal
- Oguzhan Özyakup
- Cihan Özcan
- Ahmet Polat
- Erdinç Saçan
- Aziz Sağlam
- Gökhan Saki
- Ömer Sepici
- Erçin Şenel
- Orçin Şenel
- Fatih Sonkaya
- Jasar Takak
- Esmeral Tunçluer
- Suat Usta
- Şahin Yakut
- Sadık Yemni
- Ugur Yildirim
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ CBS StatLine. "Netherlands population by origin and generation". http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLEN&PA=37325eng&D1=0&D2=225&D3=0&D4=a&D5=a&HD=080625-1245&LA=EN. Retrieved on 2008-07-16.
- ^ Netherlands Info Services. "Dutch Queen Tells Turkey "First Steps Taken" On EU Membership Road". http://www.nisnews.nl/public/010307_2.htm. Retrieved on 2008-12-16.
- ^ Dutch News. "Dutch Turks swindled, AFM to investigate". http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2007/03/dutch_turks_swindled_afm_to_in.php. Retrieved on 2008-12-16.
- ^ CBS StatLine. "Population; sex, age, marital status, origin and generation, 1 January 2009". http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLEN&PA=37325eng&D1=0&D2=a&D3=0&D4=a&D5=0&D6=9-13&LA=EN&HDR=G2,G3,G4,T&STB=G1,G5&VW=T. Retrieved on 2009-04-04.
- ^ Source: Population; sex, age, marital status, origin and generation, 1 January 2009
- ^ Source: Population: key figures
- ^ CBS StatLine. "More than 850 thousand Muslims in the Netherlands (2007)". http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/themas/bevolking/publicaties/artikelen/archief/2007/2007-2278-wm.htm. Retrieved on 2009-04-04.
- ^ Muslim Vote Tips the Balance in Netherlands - The Brussels Journal, Accessed 8th March 2007
[edit] External links
- Turks in the Netherlands (Dutch)
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