Trpimir I of Croatia

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Trpimir I Prince (Croatian: Knez) of Littoral Croatia in 845–864. He is the founder of the Croatian House of Trpimirović. Although he was formally vassal of the Frankish Emperor Lothair I, Trpimir used the mettling Frankish-Byzantine conflicts and rule on his own.

[edit] Reign

Trpimir succeeded Croatian's Duke Mislav in 845 and asserted his throne in Klis, who expanded early Roman stronghold into Klis Fortress, capital of his kingdom. Trpimir battled successfully against his neighbours, the Byzantine coastal cities under the strategos of Iader in 846–848. In 853 he repulsed an attack from an Army of the Bulgarian Khan Boris I and concluded a peace treaty with him, exchanging gifts.

On 4 March 852 Trpimir issued a charter in Biaći (in loco Byaci dicitur) in Latin language, confirming Mislav's donations to the Archbishopric in Split. In this document, dated, Trpimir named himself the "by the mercy of God, Duke of Croats" (Latin: Dux Chroatorum iuvatus munere divino) and his realm as the "Realm of the Croats" (Regnum Chroatorum).

The famous theologian Gottschalk of Orbais was at Trpimir's court between 846 and 848, and his work De Trina deitate is an important source for Trpimir's reign.

Trpimir founded the House of Trpimirović that would rule Croatia until the end of the 11th century.

As a big Christian, Trpimir brought the Benedictins into Croatia. The prince Trpimir built a church and the first Benedictine monastery in Rižinicama, between towns of Klis and Solin, in 852. In the insignia on the monastery, carved in stone, there's a text with the prince's name and title: (Latin ... pro duce Trepime(ro...preces XPO submittati[s et inclinata habe]te cola treme[ntes]. ... - English... pray for the Prince Trpimir .. .). Also, he and his son Petar often took pilgrimages to Cividale, which was recorded in Evangelistary of Cividale.

Dalmatian Croatian Dukedom in 850.

[edit] Kingdom

Trpimir united Pannonian and Littoral Croatia into one state, that would later become Kingdom of Croatia under Tomislav I, also from the House of Trpimirović.

[edit] Children

Trpimir had three sons:

• Peter; died around 852
• Zdeslav
• Mutimir

It is believed that Trpimir's son Peter was killed in intra-Croatian throne fights by Domagoj's party.

[edit] See also

• Croato-Bulgarian Wars
• House of Trpimirović

[edit] References

• (Croatian) Hrvatski leksikon (1996-1997)

[edit] External links

• (Latin) Original text of Trpimir's document
• Trpimir's document
• Gottschalk's Latin works, including De Trina deitate

v • d • e House of Trpimirović Trpimir I (845–864) · Zdeslav (878–879) · Muncimir (892–910) · Tomislav (910–928) · Trpimir II (928–935) · Krešimir I (935–945) · Miroslav (945–949) · Mihajlo Krešimir II (949–969) · Stjepan Držislav (969–997) · Svetoslav Suronja (997–1000) · Krešimir III (1000– c. 1030) · Gojslav (1000–c. 1020) · Stjepan I (c. 1030–1058) · Petar Krešimir IV (1058–1074) · Dmitar Zvonimir (1075–1089) · Stjepan II (1089–1091)

v • d • e Dukes of Croatia (dux Croatorum) dukes of Pannonian Croatia Vojnomir (c. 790 - c. 800–791 - c. 810) • Ljudevit Posavski (810–823) • Ratimir (829–838) • Braslav (880–c. 887) dukes of Littoral Croatia Radoslav (...–...) • Kuber (...–...) • Porga (c. 640–c. 680) • Budimir (740–785) • Višeslav (785–802) • Borna (810–821) • Vladislav (821–835) • Mislav (835–845) • Trpimir I (845–864) • Zdeslav (864,878–879) • Domagoj (864–876) • Iljko (876–878) • Branimir (879–892) • Muncimir (892–900) • Tomislav I (910–928)