Mao Anying
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Mao Anying (Chinese: 毛岸英, Pinyin: Máo Ànyīng) (October 24, 1922 – November 25, 1950) was the eldest son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. Educated in Moscow, he was killed in action by an air strike during the Korean War.
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[edit] Early life
Mao Anying was born in an American Christians hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province. His mother, Yang Kaihui was executed by the Kuomintang in 1930. He and his younger brother, Mao Anqing, escaped to Shanghai, where they attended a kindergarten run by underground communist party members. In Shanghai, they lived with Pastor Dong Jianwu (董健吾), who was an underground communist party member.[1]
In 1933, the communists moved their headquarter to Jiangxi, the Brother's fund was temporarily cut off and they lived on the streets as orphans. Their father, Mao Zedong was in Jiangxi province at the time.
In 1936 Anying was brought to Paris by Li Du, from Paris, he was then sent to Moscow where he studied under the pseudonym Xie Liaosha (謝廖沙). He joined the Soviet Army upon the outbreak of the Second World War and saw combat in the Eastern European theater. After the war, he returned to China in January 1946, and married Liu Songlin in October 1949.
[edit] Korean War
At the outbreak of hostilities in 1950, Mao Anying joined the Chinese People's Volunteer Army. He met up with the army in Shenyang on 8 October and crossed the Yalu with General Peng Dehuai on October 25.
Anying's unit was stationed in caves near an old gold mining settlement, which offered excellent protection from American air attacks. In the evening of November 24, 1950, two P-61 Black Widows were spotted by the Chinese on the ground doing photo recon near the location. [2] The next day, November 25, at around noon, an American bomber dropped four napalms and one hit a makeshift house near the cave. [3] [4] Three officers, including Mao Anying, were killed in the attack. [1]
He is buried in Pyongyang, in the Cemetery for the Heroes of the Chinese People's Volunteer's Army (some also claim that his body was later shipped to Beijing).
[edit] Relation with Mao
Because Mao Anying was the first son of Mao Zedong, Peng and other senior Chinese leaders were at first unwilling to allow him into Korea. When Mao senior was asked to intervene, he refused, saying "He is, after all, the son of Mao Zedong".
Immediately after Anying's death, General Peng Dehuai was afraid to report the incident to Mao. It was not until January 1951 that Mao got words of his son's death through premier Zhou Enlai. According to Mao's private doctor, Li Zhushi, when the news finally reached Mao who was smoking a cigarette at the time, he fell into deep contemplation. Though visibly shaken, he finally said "In war, there are sacrifices." some suspect that this was later used by Mao against Peng during the purges of the Cultural Revolution.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Chairman Mao Zedong and General Mao Anying, Chinese Military Leaders of the Korean War
- ^ http://cul.sohu.com/20081023/n260204775_12.shtml
- ^ http://cul.sohu.com/20081023/n260204775_12.shtml
- ^ Nanchu, Xing Hang, Page 94, McFarland Press, 2003, In North Korea: an American travels through an imprisoned nation ISBN 0786416912, 9780786416912
