List of states with limited recognition

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No international recognition      Limited recognition      Majority recognition      Territories whose status is disputed; with a government body, that is recognized by at least a few states

This list of states with limited recognition gives an overview of contemporary geopolitical entities, that wish to be recognized as sovereign states under customary international law (drawing upon the principles of the Montevideo Convention) that nonetheless do not enjoy complete worldwide diplomatic recognition.

These mostly fall into two categories. Firstly, there are entities with complete or partial control over their claimed territory which are de facto self-governing and have stated a desire for full independence. Secondly, there are entities which do not have complete control over their claimed territory, but have been recognized as having a de jure claim to that territory by at least one other generally recognized nation. Some countries on this list, such as Cyprus, the Czech Republic and the Republic of Korea, are recognized by the large majority of other nations and are members of the United Nations, but appear here because a small number of nations have withheld recognition.

See list of historical unrecognized countries for similar entities, that have existed in the past. See list of governments in exile for unrecognized governments without control over the territory claimed.

There are 192 United Nations (UN) member states. The Holy See is generally recognized as sovereign in international law, but is not a full member of the United Nations.^[1]

Contents 1 Present geopolitical entities by level of recognition 1.1 Not recognized by any state 1.2 Recognized by non-UN members only 1.3 Non-UN members recognized by at least one UN member 1.4 UN member states, not recognized by at least one other state 2 See also 3 Footnotes 4 References

[edit] Present geopolitical entities by level of recognition

[edit] Not recognized by any state

Name	Disputed since	Recognition	Further information	References
Nagorno-Karabakh	1991	No state regards Nagorno-Karabakh as de jure independent from Azerbaijan.	Foreign relations of Nagorno-Karabakh
Somaliland	1991	No state regards Somaliland as de jure independent from Somalia.	Foreign relations of Somaliland

[edit] Recognized by non-UN members only

Name	Disputed since	Recognition	Further information	References
Transnistria	1990	Transnistria's independence is recognized by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. All UN member states regard its territory as de jure part of Moldova.	Foreign relations of Transnistria	[2]

[edit] Non-UN members recognized by at least one UN member

Name	Disputed since	Recognition	Further information	References
Abkhazia	1992	Abkhazia's independence is recognized by two UN member-states, Russia and Nicaragua and two non-UN member states, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[3] All other UN member states regard its territory as de jure part of Georgia.	Foreign relations of Abkhazia, International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia	[4][5]
Republic of China (Taiwan)	1949	Both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC; commonly known as "Taiwan") support the One-China policy stating China is de jure a single sovereign entity encompassing both the area currently controlled by the PRC and the area currently controlled by the ROC. The ROC is recognized as sole legitimate government of China by 22 UN members and the Holy See, an observer state of the UN.II. According to the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, the PRC is the sole legitimate government of China, a position taken by the rest of UN member states. Many states have unofficial relations with the ROC.	Political status of Taiwan, Foreign relations of the Republic of China	[6]
Kosovo	2008	Kosovo's independence is recognized by 60 UN members, the Republic of China (Taiwan) and several international organisations.I All other UN member states regard its territory as de jure part of Serbia. The United Nations have administered the territory since 1999 via the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (with cooperation from the European Union since 2008). United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 "[reaffirms] the commitment of all Member States to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia," to which Serbia is the successor state.	Foreign relations of Kosovo, International recognition of Kosovo	[7]
Northern Cyprus	1983	Northern Cyprus's independence is recognized by one UN member, Turkey. All other UN member states regard its territory as de jure part of Cyprus. The Organisation of the Islamic Conference has granted Northern Cyprus observer status.	Foreign relations of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	[8]
State of Palestine	1988	The State of Palestine is recognized by 103 UN member states, the Holy See, the Arab League, and the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, after the Palestinian Declaration of Independence made by the Palestine Liberation Organization. Palestinian missions have diplomatic or special status in 22 other UN member countries and the European Union. Israel does not recognize the State of Palestine. As a result of the Oslo Accords and the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement, however, the Israeli government has transferred certain powers and responsibilities of self-government to the Palestinian Authority, which are in effect in the West Bank and Gaza strip areas. The UN recognizes Palestine as a non-member entity with observer status.	Foreign relations of the Palestinian National Authority	[9]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR)	1976	Western Sahara is subject to competing claims: Morocco claims the territory in its entirety and occupies most of it, while the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) only controls the Free Zone but claims rightful sovereignty over the entirety. Western Sahara's independence under SADR sovereignty is recognized by 49 UN members and the African Union. Western Sahara is regarded as de jure part of Morocco by 25 UN members and the Arab League. All other UN member states regard neither state as possessing de jure authority over the territory; it has been listed on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories since it was added in the 1960s as Spanish Sahara.	Foreign relations of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	[10]
South Ossetia	1991	South Ossetia's independence is recognized by two UN member-states, Russia and Nicaragua and two non-UN member states, Abkhazia and Transnistria.[3] All other UN member states regard its territory as de jure part of Georgia.	Foreign relations of South Ossetia, International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia	[5][11]

[edit] UN member states, not recognized by at least one other state

Name	Disputed since	Recognition	Further information	References
People's Republic of China (PRC)	1949	The People's Republic of China is not recognized by the Republic of China. Because of the One-China policy, the PRC is not recognized by the 22 UN member states that recognize the ROC, nor by the Holy See.	PRC's diplomatic relations, Foreign relations of the PRC	[12]
Cyprus	1974	Cyprus is not recognized by Turkey and Northern Cyprus, both of which refer to it as "Güney Kıbrıs Rum Kesimi", Greek Part of Southern Cyprus.	Foreign relations of Cyprus	[13][14]
Czech Republic	1993	The Czech Republic is not recognized by Liechtenstein due to a dispute over the applicability of the Beneš decrees.	Foreign relations of the Czech Republic	[15][16][17]
Israel	1948	Israel is not recognized by 26 UN members and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.III It is recognized by the Palestine Liberation Organization, who claims the right to set up a state in territory currently occupied by Israel.	Foreign relations of Israel	[18]
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1948	The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is not recognized by the Republic of Korea.[19]	Foreign relations of North Korea	[20][21]
Republic of Korea	1948	The Republic of Korea is not recognized by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.	Foreign relations of South Korea	[22][23]
Liechtenstein	1993	Liechtenstein is recognized by neither the Czech Republic nor Slovakia due to its refusal to recognize them over a dispute on the applicability of the Beneš decrees.	Foreign relations of Liechtenstein	[15][16][24]
Slovakia	1993	Slovakia is not recognized by Liechtenstein due to a dispute over the applicability of the Beneš decrees.	Foreign relations of Slovakia	[15][25]

[edit] See also

• Micronation
• List of historical unrecognized countries
• List of active autonomist and secessionist movements
• List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements
• Government in exile
• List of territorial disputes
• Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
• United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories
• Flags of unrecognized and partially recognized states

[edit] Footnotes

• ^I  See International reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence for a complete list of countries that formally recognize Kosovo's independence.
• ^II  See Political status of Taiwan.
• ^III  See Foreign relations of Israel for lists of countries that do not recognize Israel and countries that do not have formal diplomatic relations with Israel.

[edit] References