Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
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The historical term Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen was used to denote a group territories connected to the Kingdom of Hungary .[1] .[2] [3] This system of states is sometimes named Archiregnum Hungaricum ("High Kingdom of Hungary") using a medieval terminology.
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[edit] Name variants
- Hungarian: Szent István Koronájának Országai – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Szent Korona Országai – Lands of the Holy Crown, Magyar Korona Országai – Lands of the Hungarian Crown, Magyar Szent Korona Országai – Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown
- Croatian: zemlje Krune svetog Stjepana – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
- German: Länder der heiligen ungarischen Stephanskrone – Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of (Saint) Stephen
- Czech: Země Koruny svatoštěpánské – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
- Slovak: Krajiny Svätoštefanskej koruny – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Krajiny uhorskej koruny – Lands of the Hungarian Crown
- Serbian: Земље круне Светoг Стефана / zemlje Krune svetog Stefana – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
[edit] Characteristics
The term was widely used in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to distinguish the Transleithanian or Hungarian part of the Habsburg Monarchy (later Austria-Hungary) from the Cisleithanian territories. It meant three main administrative districts:
- Kingdom of Hungary[4]
- the Hungary proper (including former Principality of Transylvania) [3]
- Croatia-Slavonia, which had autonomy by Nagodba pact (signed in 1868)[5] and a territory known as the Military Frontier.[3]
- Fiume and its surroundings (separatum sacrae regni coronae adnexum corpus)
While the Diet of Hungary opposed the separation of Transylvania (being an integral part of medieval Hungary), they unsuccessfully demanded to reestablish the historical connections with Dalmatia, Bosnia, and Galicia and Lodomeria[citation needed]. These Cisleithanian provinces were theoretically part of the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, according to the historical right . The Habsburg rulers occupied these territories as "Hungarian kings" alluding to the Árpád-dynasty .[citation needed]. , but these provinces were attached to Austria not to Hungary[citation needed].
After the union with Transylvania in 1848 and 1867, the term denoted only the Hungary proper and Croatia-Slavonia.
On 29 October 1918 the Croatian Parliament joined the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). The kingdom of hungary ceased on 16th of November 1918 and the first republic of Hungary was proclaimed [6]. At that point the term lost its meaning and its use ceased.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Hungary in Britannica 1911
- ^ introduction to Constitution of Union between Hungary and Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia
- ^ a b c Aldásy, Antal. "Hungary." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 17 Apr. 2009 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07547a.htm>.
- ^ Kingdom of Hungary, Britannica 1911
- ^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/681041/Nagodba
- ^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/276730/Hungary
