Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is a foreign-policy think tank based in Washington, D.C.[1] The organization describes itself as being dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active international engagement by the United States. Founded in 1910 by Andrew Carnegie, its work is not formally associated with any political party.
The Endowment published the bimonthly magazine Foreign Policy until 2008.
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[edit] History
Andrew Carnegie, like other leading internationalists of his day, believed that war could be eliminated by stronger international laws and organizations. "I am drawn more to this cause than to any," he wrote in 1907.[citation needed] Carnegie's single largest commitment in this field was his creation of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
On his seventy-fifth birthday, November 25, 1910, Andrew Carnegie announced the establishment of the Endowment with a gift of $10 million. In his deed of gift, presented in Washington on December 14, 1910, Carnegie charged trustees to use the fund to "hasten the abolition of international war, the foulest blot upon our civilization," and he gave his trustees "the widest discretion as to the measures and policy they shall from time to time adopt" in carrying out the purpose of the fund.[2]
Carnegie chose longtime adviser Elihu Root, Senator from New York and former Secretary of War and of State, to be the Endowment's first president. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1912, Root served until 1925. Founder trustees included Harvard University president Charles William Eliot, philanthropist Robert S. Brookings, former U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain Joseph Hodges Choate, former Secretary of State John W. Foster, and Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching president Henry Smith Pritchett.[3]
In 1914, the Endowment helped created the Hague Academy of International Law. The Academy is housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands, and opened its doors in 1923.
In 2008, faced with the onset of the global financial crisis and the increasing importance of economics in world discussions, the Endowment created a program in international economics headed by the former director of trade at the World Bank, Uri Dadush. The program currently publishes the International Economics Bulletin bi-monthly to inform on global financial issues.
[edit] Presidents
- Elihu Root (1912-1925)
- Nicholas Murray Butler (1925-1945)
- Alger Hiss (1946-1949)
- Joseph E. Johnson (1950-1971)
- Thomas L. Hughes (1971-1991)
- Morton I. Abramowitz (1991-1997)
- Jessica T. Mathews (1997-current)
[edit] Chairmen
- John Foster Dulles (1946-1952)
- Harvey Hollister Bundy (1952-1958)
- Charles Zwick
- William H. Donaldson (1999-2003)
- James C. Gaither (?-current)
[edit] International operations
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is based out of several countries. In 1993, the Endowment launched the Carnegie Moscow Center, with the belief that, "in today's world a think tank whose mission is to contribute to global security, stability, and prosperity requires a permanent presence and a multinational outlook at the core of its operations".[4]
Carnegie's stated goal is to become the first multinational/global think tank.[4]
The Carnegie Endowment now has operations in several countries, with headquarters in Moscow, Beijing, Beirut, Brussels, and Washington, D.C..
[edit] References
- ^ "$3 Million Carnegie Corporation Investment Supports Carnegie Endowment’s China Policy Research Program". Carnegie Corporation of New York. January 9, 2008. http://www.carnegie.org/sub/news/china_policy.html. "The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace was the first think tank headquartered in the United States to establish a joint presence in Beijing and Washington"
- ^ Edmund Jan Osmanczyk, Anthony Mango (February 2004). Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements. Routledge. ISBN 0415939216.
- ^ "Endowment History". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. http://www.carnegieendowment.org/about/index.cfm?fa=history.
- ^ a b About the Endowment Carnegie Endowment website
[edit] External links
- Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
- Carnegie Moscow Center
- Central Asian Voices
- Foreign Policy Magazine
- Globalization101.org
- Hong Kong Journal
- Victory is not enough
- The International Economics Bulletin
